Letrat e shkruara p\u00ebr burrat maroken\u00eb nga grat\u00eb spanjolle dekada m\u00eb par\u00eb zbulojn\u00eb nj\u00eb histori t\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtjeve tabu gjat\u00eb epok\u00ebs koloniale.<\/p>\n
“Kur do t\u00eb ktheheni n\u00eb Spanj\u00eb?” Lutja e d\u00ebshp\u00ebruar ishte shkruar me kujdes, si shenj\u00eb se sa e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme ishte p\u00ebr Carmel\u00ebn.<\/p>\n
\u201cM\u00eb thuaj se nuk po shikon asnj\u00eb grua tjet\u00ebr\u201d, shkroi ajo nga Granada n\u00eb vitin 1944.<\/p>\n
Por njeriu p\u00ebr t\u00eb cilin ishin menduar k\u00ebto fjal\u00eb nuk arriti t’i lexonte kurr\u00eb. Letra nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare e dashuris\u00eb e Carmel\u00ebs nuk arriti n\u00eb destinacionin e saj n\u00eb Marok. N\u00eb vend t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj, letra p\u00ebrfundoi e fshehur thell\u00eb n\u00eb arkivat spanjolle mes qindra mesazhesh dashurore. Kutit\u00eb jan\u00eb plot me fjal\u00eb pasioni: “Un\u00eb jam i \u00e7mendur p\u00ebr ty… Un\u00eb jam si nj\u00eb dhi p\u00ebr ty”, shkruan nj\u00eb grua nga Valencia. Disa p\u00ebrmbajn\u00eb fotografi. T\u00eb futura n\u00eb let\u00ebr pas letre, ka dhjet\u00ebra portrete t\u00eb grave q\u00eb pozojn\u00eb p\u00ebr t’i kujtuar t\u00eb dashuruarve t\u00eb tyre t\u00eb larg\u00ebt se si dukeshin. Nj\u00ebra d\u00ebrgoi nj\u00eb foto t\u00eb saj duke ngar\u00eb nj\u00eb bi\u00e7iklet\u00eb, nj\u00eb pamje e shkujdesur e jet\u00ebs s\u00eb p\u00ebrditshme. T\u00eb gjitha u depozituan mjesht\u00ebrisht n\u00eb zarfe nga burokrat\u00eb t\u00eb nd\u00ebrgjegjsh\u00ebm dhe m\u00eb pas u harruan mes dokumenteve rutin\u00eb administrative. Ata grumbulluan pluhur derisa u gjet\u00ebn dhe u botuan nga akademik\u00ebt Josep Llu\u00edsMateo Dieste dhe Nieves Muriel Garc\u00eda.<\/p>\n
\u00c7do let\u00ebr p\u00ebrmban nj\u00eb v\u00ebshtrim t\u00ebrheq\u00ebs n\u00eb nj\u00eb marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnie t\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00eb, por secila prej tyre na tregon gjithashtu p\u00ebr sfidat me t\u00eb cil\u00ebn u p\u00ebrball\u00ebn k\u00ebto marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnie. Zyrtar\u00ebt spanjoll\u00eb b\u00ebn\u00eb gjith\u00e7ka p\u00ebr t’i b\u00ebr\u00eb t\u00eb pamundura k\u00ebto marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnie. Q\u00eb nga viti 1912, Spanja kishte pretenduar sovranitetin mbi nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb Marokut si protektorat, duke e ndar\u00eb vendin n\u00eb dy zona, s\u00eb bashku me Franc\u00ebn. P\u00ebr t\u00eb kap\u00ebrcyer k\u00ebt\u00eb sfid\u00eb, qeveria spanjolle rriti numrin e trupave t\u00eb saj n\u00eb Marok dhe rekrutoi mij\u00ebra maroken\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbyer n\u00eb ushtrin\u00eb e saj. N\u00eb vitet 1930, nj\u00eb brez i gjat\u00eb p\u00ebrgjat\u00eb veriut t\u00eb vendit, nga bregu i Atlantikut n\u00eb Asilah administrohej n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb efektive nga Spanja me kryeqytetin e saj n\u00eb Tetouan. Pik\u00ebrisht nga bazat ushtarake n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb territor, n\u00eb vitin 1936, gjenerali Francisco Franko nisi nj\u00eb grusht shteti kund\u00ebr qeveris\u00eb republikane, duke nisur Luft\u00ebn Civile n\u00eb Spanj\u00eb.<\/p>\n
Nd\u00ebrsa lufta vazhdonte, papritmas mij\u00ebra burra maroken\u00eb t\u00eb rekrutuar n\u00eb ushtrin\u00eb spanjolle u d\u00ebrguan p\u00ebrtej detit n\u00eb Spanj\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb luftuar p\u00ebrkrah forcave t\u00eb Frankos. P\u00ebrtej ushtris\u00eb, student\u00eb, tregtar\u00eb dhe pun\u00ebtor\u00eb t\u00eb tjer\u00eb gjithashtu u bashkuan me ta dhe p\u00ebrfunduan t\u00eb jetonin n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb vendin, n\u00eb qytete si dhe n\u00eb zona m\u00eb t\u00eb larg\u00ebta rurale. N\u00eb fund t\u00eb fundit, ndryshe nga shum\u00eb zot\u00ebrime koloniale evropiane, kjo ishte vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb hedhje guri larg vet\u00eb Spanj\u00ebs n\u00eb ngushtic\u00ebn e Gjibraltarit, bregdeti maroken \u00ebsht\u00eb vet\u00ebm 14 km (8.5 milje) larg nga maja jugore e gadishullit Iberik. Kudo q\u00eb shkonin, burrat maroken\u00eb takonin gra spanjolle. N\u00eb Salamanca, nj\u00eb grua e quajtur Concha takoi Nasarin, nj\u00eb ushtar maroken i vendosur aty pran\u00eb. E dashuruar \u00e7mendurisht, ajo u shkroi epror\u00ebve t\u00eb tij p\u00ebr leje p\u00ebr t’u martuar me t\u00eb n\u00eb vitin 1938. Por p\u00ebr autoritetet koloniale spanjolle, nj\u00eb kontakt i till\u00eb duhej t\u00eb ndalohej absolutisht.<\/p>\n
Ata shpreh\u00ebn neveri ndaj Concha, t\u00eb cil\u00ebn e p\u00ebr\u00e7muan si t\u00eb moshuar dhe t\u00eb sh\u00ebmtuar. Ata dyshuan se Nasar kishte shfaqur interes vet\u00ebm sepse Concha kishte nj\u00eb sht\u00ebpi, gj\u00eb q\u00eb i zgjoi “dashurin\u00eb vullkanike”.<\/p>\n
Urdhrat zyrtar\u00eb duhej t\u00eb vendosnin sa m\u00eb shum\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsi q\u00eb t\u00eb ishte e mundur p\u00ebr t\u00eb parandaluar k\u00ebto marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnie pa i ndaluar haptazi, si\u00e7 thoshte nj\u00eb urdh\u00ebr n\u00eb 1937. N\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb, duke qen\u00eb se regjimi i Frankos mb\u00ebshtetej n\u00eb besnik\u00ebrin\u00eb e ushtar\u00ebve maroken\u00eb, ata nuk i b\u00ebn\u00eb marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnie t\u00eb tilla n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb eksplicite t\u00eb paligjshme. N\u00eb vend t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj, ata zhvilluan nj\u00eb s\u00ebr\u00eb mjetesh p\u00ebr t’i b\u00ebr\u00eb ato t\u00eb pamundura. P\u00ebr shembull, n\u00ebse zbulohej se nj\u00eb grua i shkruante nj\u00eb burri maroken, ata do ta ndalonin at\u00eb t\u00eb hynte n\u00eb Marok. N\u00eb vitin 1948, nj\u00eb let\u00ebr u p\u00ebrgjua midis Carmen nga Zaragoza p\u00ebr t\u00eb dashurin e saj Abdeselam n\u00eb Marok. Autoritetet n\u00eb Tetuan menj\u00ebher\u00eb i ndaluan t\u00eb dy kalimin n\u00eb an\u00ebn e kund\u00ebrt. N\u00eb let\u00ebr, Carmen dha lajmin p\u00ebr vajz\u00ebn e tyre, e cila tani do t\u00eb rritej pa e par\u00eb kurr\u00eb baban\u00eb e saj. Zyrtar\u00ebt nuk e mor\u00ebn parasysh f\u00ebmij\u00ebn.<\/p>\n
Pse i konsideronin me kaq p\u00ebrbuzje k\u00ebto marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnie?<\/p>\n
Nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e p\u00ebrgjigjes q\u00ebndron n\u00eb ideologjin\u00eb reaksionare t\u00eb diktatur\u00ebs. Qeveria e Frankos ishte n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb agresive mizogjene, duke kontrolluar n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb rrept\u00eb l\u00ebvizshm\u00ebrin\u00eb e grave dhe duke kufizuar aksesin e tyre n\u00eb pun\u00ebsim. Por arsyeja m\u00eb e madhe e vetme ishte ajo q\u00eb zyrtar\u00ebt e quajt\u00ebn “prestigji i gar\u00ebs”. Q\u00eb sundimi kolonial t\u00eb vazhdonte, Spanja duhej t\u00eb shihej si superiore ndaj Marokut. Meqen\u00ebse qeveria e kuptonte martes\u00ebn si n\u00ebnshtrimin e nj\u00eb gruaje nga nj\u00eb burr\u00eb, \u00e7do martes\u00eb p\u00ebrtej ndarjes koloniale do ta b\u00ebnte nj\u00eb grua spanjolle t\u00eb n\u00ebnshtruar ndaj nj\u00eb burri maroken. N\u00ebse kjo do t\u00eb b\u00ebhej e ditur, do t\u00eb minonte vet\u00eb baz\u00ebn e dominimit kolonial. N\u00eb t\u00eb kund\u00ebrt, marr\u00ebdh\u00ebniet midis burrave spanjoll\u00eb dhe grave marokene, t\u00eb cilat ishin t\u00eb shumta n\u00eb protektorat, nuk t\u00ebrhoq\u00ebn nj\u00eb shqyrtim dhe censur\u00eb kaq t\u00eb gjer\u00eb, pasi ato riprodhuan struktur\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe t\u00eb pushtetit t\u00eb shoq\u00ebris\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb shkall\u00eb intime pa e k\u00ebrc\u00ebnuar at\u00eb. Kjo nuk ishte specifike p\u00ebr Spanj\u00ebn: frika e grave evropiane q\u00eb kishin marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnie me burra t\u00eb kolonizuar ishte e zakonshme n\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha administratat koloniale evropiane. Megjithat\u00eb, k\u00ebto letra zbulojn\u00eb se n\u00ebn sip\u00ebrfaqen e shoq\u00ebris\u00eb koloniale, takimet ishin t\u00eb zakonshme dhe \u00e7uan n\u00eb nj\u00eb s\u00ebr\u00eb marr\u00ebdh\u00ebniesh: miq\u00ebsi, takime seksuale dhe martesa.<\/p>\n
Hapja e tyre \u00ebsht\u00eb emocionuese, nj\u00eb dritare n\u00eb jet\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb cil\u00ebn rrall\u00ebher\u00eb na tregojn\u00eb dokumentet zyrtare!<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Nga Arthur Asseraf\/BBC News<\/a><\/p>\n